See Summer on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Simmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "Summer (plural Summers)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English female given names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English given names",
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},
{
"_dis": "86 4 10",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 23 10 3 6",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 17 12 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A female given name from English of modern usage, from summer, the name of the season, often given to girls born in summer."
],
"id": "en-Summer-en-name-pj~QJ1zy",
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
],
[
"summer",
"summer#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"id": "en-Summer-en-name-EMUC1F3L",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Simmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "Summer (countable and uncountable, plural Summers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "summer"
}
],
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Summerson"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Presumption”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 368:",
"text": "I am very prodigall of cappings, namely in Summer, and I never receive any from what quality of men ſoever, but I giue them as good and as many as they bring, except he be ſome ſervant of mine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
84
]
],
"ref": "1844, Charles Wilkes, “Jaunt into Pennsylvania”, in William James Morgan, David B. Tyler, Joye L. Leonhart, Mary F. Loughlin, editors, Autobiography of Rear Admiral Charles Wilkes, U. S. Navy 1798–1877, Washington, D.C.: Naval History Division, Department of the Navy/U.S. Government Printing Office, published 1978, page 570:",
"text": "Notwithstanding the tristness of the town, there are many visitors during the Summer who come for quiet and economy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
367,
373
]
],
"ref": "1861 May 1, “Volunteer Uniforms”, in The New York Times, volume X, number 3000, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 09 Sep 2025, page 4, column 6:",
"text": "Light limp caps of woollen, with brood visors, or broad-brimmed (but not too broad,) felt hats; double-breasted coats, so made that they can be worn open in warm weather, and will really protect the chest in a lower temperature; trowsers of the same, and under these, light flannel shirts and drawers; such are the proper materials for a soldier’s dress, even in the Summer months.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"ref": "1883 November 8, “Weasel and Hare”, in South-Western Presbyterian, volume XV, number 40, New Orleans, La., page 3, column 5:",
"text": "In early Summer, several years ago, we were ornithologizing in a beautiful clump of natural wood along a steep brae face, so well sheltered from the north and east, and with so sunny and southern an aspect, that it had been known to us for years as the very paradise of all sorts of singing birds in the nesting season.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"ref": "1902 October 19, “A Woman’s Wanderings Through the Caucasus […]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:",
"text": "As we approached Ialta, the Czar’s favorite Summer resort, which is nestled snugly in the well-wooded mountains, and has its long esplanade lined with shops, which hang out over the very blue bay, the little old Caucasan gentleman, by signs and looks of intelligence, in some way made us understand that he would like to take us ashore to see the sights.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"ref": "1903, The Unitarian Register - Volume 82, page 872:",
"text": "In the good old Summer time you need pack-away space and plenty of it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
138,
144
]
],
"ref": "1929, The Glovers Review - Volume 29, page xiv:",
"text": "Since men are old offenders in the matter of bare-handedness let us put forth our best efforts in May to keep them gloved as far into the Summer season as possible.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
74
]
],
"ref": "1947 August 5, “East Paterson: Florienne Brunda Weds Patersonian”, in Paterson Evening News, home final edition, volume 190, Paterson, N.J., →OCLC, page 6, column 7:",
"text": "The bride’s godmother, Mrs. Katherine Ravenette of New York, wore a Summer print gown of silk with black accessories and a corsage of white roses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
108
]
],
"ref": "1950, The Rotarian, volume 77, number 5, page 12:",
"text": "Several years ago starlings took over the residential sections for their nightly roostings during the Summer months.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
],
[
140,
146
],
[
215,
221
]
],
"ref": "1999, Terrance Hayes, “Summer”, in Muscular Music, Chicago, Ill.: Tia Chucha Press, →ISBN, page 32:",
"text": "It’s Summer so I hum. / Let bass slip around my runagate tongue. / I have lived watermelonless. / I have scorned my languorous youth. […] O Summer, let me sing a song for you, / Let me be the king of something, / O Summer, let me spread my wings[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative letter-case form of summer."
],
"id": "en-Summer-en-noun-UBI~2cLy",
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or poetic) Alternative letter-case form of summer."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic",
"countable",
"poetic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
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"3": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sumar",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sommer"
},
"expansion": "German Sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian Summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
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},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Summer",
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},
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"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "English summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zomer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zomer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "simmer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian simmer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz. Cognate with German Sommer, Bavarian Summer, Luxembourgish Summer, English summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summerd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sòmmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŝchummer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŝchumer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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"g": "m"
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"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Seasons",
"orig": "gsw:Seasons",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Summervogel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"id": "en-Summer-gsw-noun-6DZkJVxp",
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Uri) summer"
],
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
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},
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{
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
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},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Summer",
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},
{
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"expansion": "Dutch zomer",
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},
{
"args": {
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"name": "cog"
},
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "English summer",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sommer"
},
"expansion": "Danish sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognate to German Sommer, Alemannic German Summer, Luxembourgish Summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, English summer, Danish sommer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summer",
"tags": [
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}
],
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"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Summer m (plural Summer)",
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],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Sum",
"mer"
]
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
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{
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"langcode": "bar",
"name": "Seasons",
"orig": "bar:Seasons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Fruahsummer"
},
{
"word": "Hochsummer"
},
{
"word": "Mittsummer"
},
{
"word": "Oidweibersummer"
},
{
"word": "Regnsummer"
},
{
"word": "Spätsummer"
},
{
"word": "Summerferien"
},
{
"word": "Summerfest"
},
{
"word": "Summerhetz"
},
{
"word": "Summerhitz"
},
{
"word": "Summerloch"
},
{
"word": "Summerluft"
},
{
"word": "Summermonat"
},
{
"word": "Summernåcht"
},
{
"word": "Summersun"
},
{
"word": "Summerurlaub"
},
{
"word": "Summervogl"
},
{
"word": "Summerweidn"
},
{
"word": "Summerwind"
},
{
"word": "Summerzeit"
}
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"id": "en-Summer-bar-noun-6DZkJVxp",
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsumɐ/"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "goh",
"3": "sumar"
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"expansion": "Old High German sumar",
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{
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"1": "gmw-ecg",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian summer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognate to Bavarian summer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-ecg",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Summer m",
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],
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "East Central German entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"id": "en-Summer-gmw-ecg-noun-6DZkJVxp",
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Erzgebirgisch) summer"
],
"tags": [
"Erzgebirgisch",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "summen",
"4": "-er"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
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{
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"1": "de",
"2": "summen",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "summen + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "summen + -er",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"nominative",
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]
},
{
"form": "Summers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summern",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"definite",
"plural"
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}
],
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{
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},
"expansion": "Summer m (strong, genitive Summers, plural Summer)",
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],
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{
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"1": "m"
},
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"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with etymon",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"buzzer"
],
"id": "en-Summer-de-noun-uVjj-dzw",
"links": [
[
"buzzer",
"buzzer"
]
],
"tags": [
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"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
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{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Machines",
"orig": "de:Machines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"buzzing insect"
],
"id": "en-Summer-de-noun-NR-xaXo8",
"links": [
[
"buzzing",
"buzzing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) buzzing insect"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzʊmɐ/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Summer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/De-Summer.ogg/De-Summer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/De-Summer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "device",
"word": "Buzzer"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
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"inh": "1"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
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},
{
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"1": "de",
"2": "Sommer"
},
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},
{
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"1": "gsw",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Summer",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"expansion": "Bavarian Summer",
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{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "West Frisian simmer",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz. Cognate with German Sommer, Alemannic German Summer, Bavarian Summer, English summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summeren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
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],
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
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"summer"
],
"id": "en-Summer-lb-noun-6DZkJVxp",
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[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ˈzumer/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈzu.mɐ]"
}
],
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}
{
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{
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},
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English Summer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜐᜋᜒᜇ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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{
"parts": [
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}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
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"kind": "other",
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},
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},
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},
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},
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},
{
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},
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{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name from English"
],
"id": "en-Summer-tl-name-vxWTAIbl",
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[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsameɾ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsaː.mɛɾ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ameɾ"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Summervogel"
}
],
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
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},
{
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "German Sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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{
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},
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz. Cognate with German Sommer, Bavarian Summer, Luxembourgish Summer, English summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summerd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sòmmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŝchummer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŝchumer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Summer m",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"summer"
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"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Uri) summer"
],
"tags": [
"Uri",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Fruahsummer"
},
{
"word": "Hochsummer"
},
{
"word": "Mittsummer"
},
{
"word": "Oidweibersummer"
},
{
"word": "Regnsummer"
},
{
"word": "Spätsummer"
},
{
"word": "Summerferien"
},
{
"word": "Summerfest"
},
{
"word": "Summerhetz"
},
{
"word": "Summerhitz"
},
{
"word": "Summerloch"
},
{
"word": "Summerluft"
},
{
"word": "Summermonat"
},
{
"word": "Summernåcht"
},
{
"word": "Summersun"
},
{
"word": "Summerurlaub"
},
{
"word": "Summervogl"
},
{
"word": "Summerweidn"
},
{
"word": "Summerwind"
},
{
"word": "Summerzeit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sumar",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sumar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sumar",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sommer"
},
"expansion": "German Sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zomer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zomer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "simmer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian simmer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summer"
},
"expansion": "English summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sommer"
},
"expansion": "Danish sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognate to German Sommer, Alemannic German Summer, Luxembourgish Summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, English summer, Danish sommer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summer",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Summer m (plural Summer)",
"name": "bar-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
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"mer"
]
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"bar:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsumɐ/"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "goh",
"3": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sumar",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-ecg",
"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian summer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognate to Bavarian summer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-ecg",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Summer m",
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}
],
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"East Central German entries with incorrect language header",
"East Central German lemmas",
"East Central German masculine nouns",
"East Central German nouns",
"East Central German terms derived from Old High German",
"East Central German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"East Central German terms inherited from Old High German",
"East Central German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Erzgebirgisch",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"gmw-ecg:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Erzgebirgisch) summer"
],
"tags": [
"Erzgebirgisch",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Simmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "Summer (plural Summers)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English female given names",
"English female given names from English",
"English given names"
],
"glosses": [
"A female given name from English of modern usage, from summer, the name of the season, often given to girls born in summer."
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
],
[
"summer",
"summer#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Summerson"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Simmer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "summer"
}
],
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Presumption”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 368:",
"text": "I am very prodigall of cappings, namely in Summer, and I never receive any from what quality of men ſoever, but I giue them as good and as many as they bring, except he be ſome ſervant of mine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
84
]
],
"ref": "1844, Charles Wilkes, “Jaunt into Pennsylvania”, in William James Morgan, David B. Tyler, Joye L. Leonhart, Mary F. Loughlin, editors, Autobiography of Rear Admiral Charles Wilkes, U. S. Navy 1798–1877, Washington, D.C.: Naval History Division, Department of the Navy/U.S. Government Printing Office, published 1978, page 570:",
"text": "Notwithstanding the tristness of the town, there are many visitors during the Summer who come for quiet and economy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
367,
373
]
],
"ref": "1861 May 1, “Volunteer Uniforms”, in The New York Times, volume X, number 3000, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 09 Sep 2025, page 4, column 6:",
"text": "Light limp caps of woollen, with brood visors, or broad-brimmed (but not too broad,) felt hats; double-breasted coats, so made that they can be worn open in warm weather, and will really protect the chest in a lower temperature; trowsers of the same, and under these, light flannel shirts and drawers; such are the proper materials for a soldier’s dress, even in the Summer months.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"ref": "1883 November 8, “Weasel and Hare”, in South-Western Presbyterian, volume XV, number 40, New Orleans, La., page 3, column 5:",
"text": "In early Summer, several years ago, we were ornithologizing in a beautiful clump of natural wood along a steep brae face, so well sheltered from the north and east, and with so sunny and southern an aspect, that it had been known to us for years as the very paradise of all sorts of singing birds in the nesting season.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"ref": "1902 October 19, “A Woman’s Wanderings Through the Caucasus […]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:",
"text": "As we approached Ialta, the Czar’s favorite Summer resort, which is nestled snugly in the well-wooded mountains, and has its long esplanade lined with shops, which hang out over the very blue bay, the little old Caucasan gentleman, by signs and looks of intelligence, in some way made us understand that he would like to take us ashore to see the sights.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"ref": "1903, The Unitarian Register - Volume 82, page 872:",
"text": "In the good old Summer time you need pack-away space and plenty of it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
138,
144
]
],
"ref": "1929, The Glovers Review - Volume 29, page xiv:",
"text": "Since men are old offenders in the matter of bare-handedness let us put forth our best efforts in May to keep them gloved as far into the Summer season as possible.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
74
]
],
"ref": "1947 August 5, “East Paterson: Florienne Brunda Weds Patersonian”, in Paterson Evening News, home final edition, volume 190, Paterson, N.J., →OCLC, page 6, column 7:",
"text": "The bride’s godmother, Mrs. Katherine Ravenette of New York, wore a Summer print gown of silk with black accessories and a corsage of white roses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
108
]
],
"ref": "1950, The Rotarian, volume 77, number 5, page 12:",
"text": "Several years ago starlings took over the residential sections for their nightly roostings during the Summer months.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
],
[
140,
146
],
[
215,
221
]
],
"ref": "1999, Terrance Hayes, “Summer”, in Muscular Music, Chicago, Ill.: Tia Chucha Press, →ISBN, page 32:",
"text": "It’s Summer so I hum. / Let bass slip around my runagate tongue. / I have lived watermelonless. / I have scorned my languorous youth. […] O Summer, let me sing a song for you, / Let me be the king of something, / O Summer, let me spread my wings[.]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative letter-case form of summer."
],
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or poetic) Alternative letter-case form of summer."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic",
"countable",
"poetic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"German entries referencing missing etymons",
"German entries with etymon",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German terms suffixed with -er",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"de:Machines"
],
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"2": ":af",
"3": "summen",
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
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"1": "de",
"2": "summen",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "summen + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "summen + -er",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summers",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Summers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summern",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Summer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Summer m (strong, genitive Summers, plural Summer)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzzer"
],
"links": [
[
"buzzer",
"buzzer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"buzzing insect"
],
"links": [
[
"buzzing",
"buzzing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) buzzing insect"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"strong"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzʊmɐ/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Summer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/De-Summer.ogg/De-Summer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/De-Summer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "device",
"word": "Buzzer"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sumar",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sommer"
},
"expansion": "German Sommer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Summer"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian Summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summer"
},
"expansion": "English summer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zomer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zomer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "simmer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian simmer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz. Cognate with German Sommer, Alemannic German Summer, Bavarian Summer, English summer, Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, Icelandic sumar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Summeren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "Summer m (plural Summeren)",
"name": "lb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish lemmas",
"Luxembourgish masculine nouns",
"Luxembourgish nouns",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lb:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzumer/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈzu.mɐ]"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "en:Summer",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Summer\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tagalog\", \"term\" : \"Summer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tl\" }\" data-lang=\"tl\" data-title=\"Summer\">\nBorrowed from English Summer.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English Summer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜐᜋᜒᜇ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "samer"
},
"expansion": "Summer (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋᜒᜇ᜔)",
"name": "tl-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Sum‧mer"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Sum‧mer"
]
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ameɾ",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ameɾ/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries referencing missing etymons",
"Tagalog entries with etymology texts",
"Tagalog entries with etymon",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog female given names",
"Tagalog female given names from English",
"Tagalog given names",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog proper nouns",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from English",
"Tagalog terms derived from English",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name from English"
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsameɾ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsaː.mɛɾ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ameɾ"
}
],
"word": "Summer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Summer meaning in All languages combined (18.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.